Objective This study systematically reveals the interactions and conflicts among the urban, agricultural, and ecological functions of territorial space, and proposes zoning regulation strategies to facilitate the coordinated and sustainable development of territorial space system. Methods Based on the ‘urban-agricultural-ecological’ classification system, a multifunctional evaluation indicator system for territorial space was developed. The multifunctional symbiosis degree model and coupling coordination model were used to calculate the interaction intensity and coordination level of multiple functions. A multidimensional functional conflict identification matrix was used to reveal the conflict characteristics, types, and conflict intensity. Furthermore, differentiated regulation units were delineated using the multifunctional integration degree and coupling coordination degree as zoning criteria. Results (1) In the temporal dimension, the comprehensive function of territorial space in the study area increased overall, with urban functions rising while agricultural and ecological functions declined. Spatially, areas with higher comprehensive functions were primarily concentrated in the central urban area of Nanning City and the coastal region of Qin-Bei-Fang (Qinzhou, Beihai, Fangchenggang). (2) The functional symbiosis patterns exhibited spatial heterogeneity. (3) The coupling coordination degree of territorial space multifunctionality fluctuated and increased from 0.160 1 in 2000 to 0.168 9 in 2022, but overall remained severely imbalanced. (4) In 2000 and 2022, the proportion of severe conflict areas in two-dimensional functional conflicts exceeded 50%. Three-dimensional functional conflicts were also predominantly severe and showed an intensifying trend. During the study period, the proportion of severe conflict grids increased by 9.491 5%. (5) Based on the multifunctional integration degree and coupling coordination degree, the study area was categorized into six types of zones: urgent governance, priority enhancement, key enhancement, potential enhancement, collaborative optimization, and moderate optimization zones. Conclusion The functional conflicts within the territorial space of the Pinglu Canal Economic Belt are severe and exhibit significant regional differentiation. It is necessary to promote the local key enhancement and overall synergistic optimization of regional functions based on local conditions to achieve the coordinated development of territorial space multifunctionality.
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