经胰管预切开技术联合双导丝法在胆管恶性肿瘤困难插管中应用研究
张培建 , 黄晓晓 , 姜胜莹 , 刘娜 , 王跃 , 刘科霞 , 袁俊健 , 韩真 , 霍薪宇
河北医科大学学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (2) : 147 -152.
经胰管预切开技术联合双导丝法在胆管恶性肿瘤困难插管中应用研究
Application of pancreatic duct pre-cutting technique combined with double-guidewire technique in difficult cannulation for malignant biliary tumors
目的 探讨经胰管预切开技术联合双导丝法在胆管恶性肿瘤困难插管中的应用。 方法 选取2022年4月—2025年3月河北省沧州市中心医院收治的胆管恶性肿瘤行ERCP的患者104例,按照随机数字表法将其分成常规组与预切开组,每组52例。患者接受常规插管操作,导丝误入胰管>2次,困难插管时,导丝误入胰管即保留胰管导丝,常规组再次进行胆管超选插管,预切开组应用乳头切开刀沿胆管方向进行乳头预切开,再次进行胆管超选,对比2组临床指标、血气指标、炎症指标、医疗恐惧、并发症发生率。 结果 预切开组首次插管成功率(96.15%)高于常规组首次插管成功率(82.69%),差异有统计学意义(χ2=4.981,P=0.026);插管时间、排气时间、住院时间均短于常规组(t=2.956、2.183、2.471,均P<0.05)。插管后,预切开组pH值、动脉血氧分压(partial pressure of oxygen in arterial blood,PaO₂)高于常规组(t=2.884、2.324,均P<0.05),PaCO₂低于常规组(t=2.388,P=0.019)。插管后,预切开组C反应蛋白(C-reactive protein,CRP)、白细胞介素6(interleukin-6,IL-6)、血淀粉酶水平低于常规组(t=2.494、2.438、2.188,均P<0.05)。插管后,预切开组医疗恐惧评分低于常规组(P<0.05)。预切开组患者的并发症发生率(1.92%)低于常规组并发症发生率(13.46%),差异有统计学意义(χ2=4.875,P=0.027)。 结论 经胰管预切开技术联合双导丝法能通过“预开窗+双导向”提高胆管恶性肿瘤困难插管首次成功率、缩短操作与康复时间;还可减轻血气失衡、炎症反应及医疗恐惧,降低并发症发生率,充分体现“精准微创”优势,为该类患者提供更可靠的治疗方案。
Objective To investigate the application of pancreatic duct pre-cutting technique combined with double-guidewire technique in difficult cannulation for malignant biliary tumors. Methods From April 2022 to March 2025, 104 patients with malignant biliary tumors who underwent endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) in Cangzhou Central Hospital were selected and divided into the conventional group (n=52) and the pre-cutting group (n=52) based on random number table method. Patients underwent conventional biliary cannulation. When the guidewire was mistakenly inserted into the pancreatic duct more than twice and difficult biliary cannulation occurred, the guidewire was retained in the pancreatic duct. The conventional group was given biliary superselective cannulation again, while the pre-cutting group received papillotomy along the bile duct direction using a papillotome and then biliary superselective cannulation again. The clinical parameters, blood gas parameters, inflammatory markers, medical fear, and complication rates of the two groups were compared. Results The first-attempt success rate of biliary cannulation in the pre-cutting group (96.15%) was higher than that in the conventional group (82.69%), with significant differences (χ2=4.981,P=0.026), and the cannulation time, time to flatus, and length of hospital stay were shorter than those of the conventional group (t=2.956, 2.183, 2.471, all P<0.05). After cannulation, the pH value and partial pressure of oxygen in arterial blood (PaO₂) of the pre-cutting group were higher than those of the conventional group (t=2.884, 2.324, both P<0.05), while PaCO₂ was lower than that of the conventional group (t=2.388, P=0.019). After cannulation, the C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, and blood amylase levels of the pre-cutting group were lower than those of the conventional group (t=2.494, 2.438, 2.188, all P<0.05), and after cannulation, the medical fear score of the pre-cutting group was lower than that of the conventional group (P<0.05). The complication rate of the pre-cutting group (1.92%) was lower than that of the conventional group (13.46%), with significant differences (χ2=4.875,P=0.027). Conclusion The pancreatic duct pre-cutting technique combined with the double-guidewire technique can improve the first-attempt success rate of difficult biliary cannulation for malignant biliary tumors through "pre-opened access+double-guidewire guidance", shorten the duration of operation and recovery time, alleviate blood gas imbalance, inflammatory response, and medical fear, and reduce the complication rate, fully demonstrating the advantages of a "precise and minimally invasive" approach, thus providing a more reliable treatment option for such patients.
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河北省医学科学研究课题计划项目(20251534)
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