褐藻寡糖对干旱胁迫下伊亚4号亚麻生长及生理特性的影响

Effects of alginate oligosaccharides on growth and physiological characteristicsof flax cultivar Yiya 4 under drought stress

摘要

本研究旨在探讨外源褐藻寡糖(AOS)对干旱胁迫下新疆主栽亚麻品种伊亚4号生长及生理生化特性的影响,为亚麻抗旱栽培提供依据。采用盆栽试验,设置正常水分+喷施清水(CK)、干旱胁迫+喷施清水(DS)、正常水分+褐藻寡糖(EGh)和干旱胁迫+褐藻寡糖(DSh)4种处理,褐藻寡糖浓度为15 mg·L^-1,于亚麻快速生长期和现蕾期进行叶面喷施。结果表明,AOS显著缓解了干旱的不利影响,DSh组各生育期株高较DS组提升9.77%~18.85%,快速生长期根系总长度提升143.19%,成熟期生物产量恢复至CK组的87.99%。DSh组现蕾期较DS组丙二醛(MDA)含量下降20.88%,快速生长期超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)活性分别提升11.32%、26.59%。AOS可显著提高叶片相对含水量(RWC),降低水分自然饱和亏(WSD)、电解质相对外渗率(REL),减少超氧阴离子自由基(O₂^-·)、过氧化氢(H₂O₂)和丙二醛(MDA)含量,显著增强SOD和POD活性,有效维持细胞膜稳定性,减轻氧化损伤。同时,AOS促进了可溶性糖(SS)、可溶性蛋白(SP)和游离脯氨酸(Pro)的积累,优化渗透调节,现蕾期SS、SP和Pro含量较DS组分别提升36.48%、30.72%、69.07%。此外,AOS显著提升了光合色素含量,保护了光合器官,提高了光合效率。本研究证实,外源褐藻寡糖能通过改善根系发育、维持细胞膜稳定性、强化抗氧化防御、优化渗透调节及维持高效光合作用,有效增强伊亚4号亚麻的抗旱能力,为亚麻抗旱栽培技术研发提供科学依据,助力新疆亚麻稳产增收。

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate the effects of exogenous alginate oligosaccharides (AOS) on the growth and physiological and biochemical traits of Yiya 4, the main flax(Linum usitatissimum L.) cultivar in Xinjiang under drought stress, so as to provide a basis for drought-resistant cultivation of flax. A pot experiment was conducted with four treatments: normal water supply (CK), drought stress (DS), normal water supply + AOS (EGh), and drought stress + AOS (DSh). The AOS concentration at 15 mg·L^-1 was foliarly applied at the squaring stages and rapid growth stages of flax. The results show that AOS significantly alleviates the detrimental effects of drought. Compared with the DS group, plant height in the DSh group increases by 9.77%~18.85% at each growth stage, total root length at the rapid growth stage increases by 143.19%, and mature biomass recovers to 87.99% of the CK group. At the squaring stage, malondialdehyde (MDA) content in the DSh group decreases by 20.88% compared with the DS group; at the rapid growth stage, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) activities increases by 11.32% and 26.59%, respectively. AOS effectively maintains cell membrane stability and mitigates oxidative damage by increasing relative water content (RWC), decreasing water saturation deficit (WSD) and relative electrolyte leakage (REL), reducing the contents of superoxide anion radical (O₂^-·), hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) and malondialdehyde (MDA), as well as significantly enhancing SOD and POD activities. Meanwhile, AOS promotes the accumulation of soluble sugar (SS), soluble protein (SP) and free proline (Pro) to optimize osmotic adjustment; at the squaring stage, these three indexes in the DSh group increase by 36.48%, 30.72% and 69.07%, respectively, compared with the DS group. In addition, AOS significantly increases photosynthetic pigment content, protects photosynthetic apparatus and improves photosynthetic efficiency. This study confirms that exogenous AOS can effectively enhance the drought resistance of Yiya 4 flax by improving root development, maintaining cell membrane stability, strengthening antioxidant defense, optimizing osmotic adjustment and sustaining efficient photosynthesis. These findings provide a scientific basis for developing drought-resistant cultivation techniques for flax and help achieve stable yield and income growth of flax in Xinjiang.

关键词

新疆 / 亚麻 / 褐藻寡糖 / 干旱胁迫 / 生理生化响应 / 产量

Key words

Xinjiang / flax / alginate oligosaccharide / drought stress / physiological and biochemical response / yield

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基金资助

国家麻类产业技术体系(CARS-16-E10)