农民工回流对农民收入的影响研究
The effect of migrant workers' return on rural income
在乡村振兴背景下,各地纷纷出台优惠政策吸引农民工返乡,以期解决乡村人才振兴的难题,研究农民工回流对于农民收入的影响具有重要的现实意义。采用2011-2021年间县域面板数据,以返乡创业试点政策作为准自然实验实证检验了农民工回流对农民收入的影响,并分析了新冠疫情对该效应的冲击。研究显示,农民工返乡创业政策显著的提升了农民收入,而新冠疫情期间的被动回流则减缓了政策的增收效应。具体而言,农民工返乡创业主要通过产业结构优化效应、人力资本效应和资本集聚效应路径推动农民增收,并且政策的影响存在异质性。该政策显著推动中等经济发展水平、受教育程度较低地区农民收入上升,但是在贫困地区、高收入地区,或受教育程度较高地区没有显著影响。本研究认为,农村地区需要因地制宜制定返乡创业就业优惠政策,加强返乡创业支持力度和技能培训力度,加快产业结构调整步伐,从而吸引农民工主动回流,带动农民收入提升。
Under the background of rural revitalization, various policies have implemented to attract migrant workers to return to their hometowns in order to ease talents shortage in rural area. It is of great practical significance to study the effect of migrant workers return on rural income. Based on the county-level panel data from 2011 to 2021, taking the pilot policy of migrant workers returning home to start business as quasi-natural experiment, this paper empirically tested the effect of migrant workers' return on rural income and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on this effect was analyzed.. It showss that the policy has significantly increased farmers' income through industrial structure optimization effect, human capital effect and capital agglomeration effect, while the passive return during the COVID-19 pandemic has mitigated the policy's income-increasing effect. and that the policy exerts different effect among different regions. While it significantly promoted rural residents' income in regions with moderate economic development level and low education level, it had no significant effect in poor regions, high-income regions or regions with high education level. Therefore, rural government need to formulate differentiated policies for migrant workers' return, strengthen financial support and entrepreneurship training, and speed up the upgrading of industrial structure, so as to attract the active return of migrant workers and improve the income of rural residents.
| [1] |
徐超,吴玲萍,孙文平.外出务工经历、社会资本与返乡农民工创业——来自CHIPS数据的证据[J]. 财经研究,2017(12):30⁃44. |
| [2] |
周广肃,谭华清,李力行.外出务工经历有益于返乡农民工创业吗?[J].经济学(季刊),2017(2):793⁃814. |
| [3] |
张梁梁,李世强.外出务工经历、邻里关系与返乡农民工创业[J].人口与经济,2022(2):140⁃154. |
| [4] |
陈政,王燕荣,李海波, |
| [5] |
刘新民,张衡,于文成.务工城市双创环境对农民工返乡创业的影响分析[J].农业技术经济,2022(11):4⁃19. |
| [6] |
|
| [7] |
|
| [8] |
李彦娅,谢庆华.农民工返乡创业的动力机制研究——基于三次返乡创业高潮的调查[J].重庆社会科学,2019(7):99⁃110. |
| [9] |
陈国生,肖瑜君,李海波, |
| [10] |
汪三贵,刘湘琳,史识洁, |
| [11] |
陈文超,陈雯,江立华.农民工返乡创业的影响因素分析[J].中国人口科学,2014(2):96⁃105. |
| [12] |
贾鹏,庄晋财,李娟.农村公共品供给促进农民工返乡创业了吗?——基于CLDS数据的实证研究[J].云南财经大学学报,2021,37(6):12⁃25. |
| [13] |
罗敏.从“离乡”到“返乡”:青年参与乡村振兴的行动逻辑——基于H省Z市1231名青年的问卷调查分析[J].中国青年研究,2019(9):11⁃17. |
| [14] |
黄海平.返乡青年回嵌乡镇:双重理性、城乡推拉力与生产重建[J].青年探索,2023(3):33⁃43. |
| [15] |
李波,赵骏宇,靳取.返乡创业如何促进县域产业结构升级——基于政策试点的准自然实验[J].华中农业大学学报(社会科学版),2023(3):34⁃43. |
| [16] |
邓金钱,蒋云亮.返乡创业试点政策对乡村振兴的影响研究——来自中国县域面板数据的经验证据[J].中国人口科学,2024,38(1):51⁃66. |
| [17] |
罗明忠,魏滨辉.返乡创业、产业升级与农民收入增长[J].中南财经政法大学学报,2023(1):83⁃96. |
| [18] |
汤龙,陈享光,赵妍妍.返乡创业能提高农村居民收入吗——基于返乡创业试点政策的考察[J].农业技术经济,2024(7):111⁃128. |
| [19] |
黄祖辉,宋文豪,叶春辉, |
| [20] |
赵利梅,张凤,易晓芹.乡村振兴与农民工返乡创业的双螺旋耦合机制研究——以四川省平武县GB村为例的实证分析[J].农村经济,2020(12):49⁃57. |
| [21] |
朱纪广.农民工返乡创业行为对乡村振兴的影响效应分析[J].经济经纬,2023(1):68⁃77. |
| [22] |
李俊蓉,林荣日.乡村振兴与新型城镇化耦合协调度的测度与影响因素研究[J].浙江农业学报,2023,35(10):2477⁃2489. |
| [23] |
王轶,刘蕾.农民工返乡创业何以促进农民农村共同富裕[J].中国农村经济,2022(9):44⁃62. |
| [24] |
王轶.西部农民工返乡创业的就业效应[J].中南民族大学学报(人文社会科学版),2023(6):111⁃120. |
| [25] |
王庶,岳希明.退耕还林、非农就业与农民增收——基于21省面板数据的双重差分分析[J].经济研究,2017,52(4):106⁃119. |
| [26] |
仲晓雅,闫庆武,李桂娥.中国长时间序列夜间灯光数据集的研发(2000-2020)[J].全球变化数据学报(中英文),2022,(6):416⁃424,593⁃601. |
| [27] |
|
| [28] |
|
| [29] |
|
| [30] |
|
| [31] |
柯善咨.中国城市与区域经济增长的扩散回流与市场区效应[J].经济研究,2009(8):85⁃98. |
| [32] |
何宜庆,熊子怡,张科, |
| [33] |
李彦龙,毕钰.城市创业活跃度:区域差异、动态演变与影响因素[J].中国软科学,2023(5):99⁃106. |
| [34] |
Zhang, Xiaobei., Wang, Xiaojun. Measures of human capital and the mechanics of economic growth[J]. China economic review,2021,68:1⁃18. |
| [35] |
邱海盈.农村劳动力回流与劳动力密集型产业的开发[J].人口学刊,2001(3):52-55. |
| [36] |
潘春阳,王紫妍.创业的得与失——中国居民创业的货币与非货币回报[J].世界经济文汇,2016(4):102⁃120 |
国家社科基金项目(18CJY034)
/
| 〈 |
|
〉 |