中药材重金属超标概况

杜选香; 王自梁; 杨碧娟; 熊勇; 孙静贤; 朱智芸; 熊华斌; 徐玉杰; 刘莉

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1672-8513.2025.03.007

云南民族大学学报(自然科学版) ›› 2025, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (03) : 303 -312. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-8513.2025.03.007

化学与生物

中药材重金属超标概况

杜选香 ¹ ,
王自梁 ¹ ,
杨碧娟 ¹ ,
熊勇 ¹ ,
孙静贤 ¹ ,
朱智芸 ² ,
熊华斌 ¹ ,
徐玉杰 ¹ ,
刘莉 ¹

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Overview of heavy metal exceedances in Chinese medicinal herbs

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摘要

土壤重金属污染是全世界关注的社会问题之一，不仅会影响食品安全，还会影响中药材安全.目前，中药材重金属超标现状愈加严峻，需要对植物类中药材重金属超标种类、超标程度及潜在原因进行综述分析，以降低我国中药材的市场短板.研究表明，中药材重金属超标普遍存在，且形势较为严峻.其中，以根茎类药材超标最为严重，镉（Cd）污染最为突出.此外，中药材的重金属超标状况与种植土壤的重金属质量分数直接相关.因此，针对重金属超标的监管措施可为缓解中药材重金属污染提供技术路径.

Abstract

Soil contamination with heavy metal is one of widespread global issues. impacting not only food safety but also the safety of Chinese medicinal herbs. At present， the problem of heavy metal exceedances in Chinese medicinal herbs is becoming increasingly severe， warranting a comprehensive review of the types， levels， and potential causes of contamination in plant - based Chinese herbal medicines to address market gaps in China. The findings reveal that heavy metal contamination is both widespread and serious， particularly in rhizome - based medicinal materials， with cadmium （Cd） being the most prevalent pollutant. In addition， the excessive presence of heavy metals in Chinese herbal medicines was directly related to the heavy metal content of planting soils. Therefore， strengthening regulatory measures on heavy metal exceedances offers a potential solution to mitigate the contamination of Chinese medicinal herbs.