基于VMD - IDBO - BiGRU的短期电力负荷预测
杨涛 , 徐天奇 , 李琰
云南民族大学学报(自然科学版) ›› 2025, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (06) : 749 -762.
基于VMD - IDBO - BiGRU的短期电力负荷预测
Short-term power load forecasting based on VMD-IDBO-BiGRU
针对当前短期电力负荷非线性、非平稳性和不确定性等特征,提出一种基于变分模态分解(VMD)技术和利用改进的蜣螂优化算法(IDBO)来优化双向门控循环单元(BiGRU)的短期负荷预测模型.首先使用VMD算法对负荷序列进行分解,得到多个固有模态函数(IMF)和一个残差量,与相关气象参数共同作为输入数据集,同时引入相似时段数据;然后构建BiGRU模型并采用改进的DBO算法优化其超参数,同时通过对比选取滚动负荷预测机制进一步提升预测性能.最后与其他预测模型进行横向对比,验证了所提出模型具有较高的负荷预测精度.
Addressing the nonlinearity, non - stationarity, and uncertainty of short - term electricity load, this paper proposes a short - term load prediction model based on variational mode decomposition (VMD) technique and the improved dung beetle optimization (IDBO) algorithm to optimize the bidirectional gated recurrent unit (BiGRU). Firstly, the VMD algorithm is employed to decompose the load sequence into multiple intrinsic mode functions (IMFs) and a residual component, which are used as input data sets together with relevant meteorological parameters, and similar period data are introduced. Subsequently, the BiGRU model is constructed and the improved DBO algorithm is used to optimize its hyperparameters, and through comparison, the rolling load forecasting mechanism is selected to further improve the forecasting performance. Finally, a horizontal comparison with other forecasting models validates the proposed higher accuracy of the model in load prediction.
短期电力负荷 / 变分模态分解 / 蜣螂优化算法 / 双层门控循环递归单元 / 相似时段系数
short - term electricity load / variational mode decomposition / dung beetle optimization algorithm / bidirectional gated recurrent unit / similar period coefficient
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国家自然科学基金(62062068)
云南省中青年学术和技术带头人培养基金(202305AC160077)
云南省自然科学基金(202401CF070073)
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