This study connects the incubation process of stock market crash risk with the cascade process of critical destabilization and collapse within the hierarchical structure of stock price movements. It discovers an exponential power - law relationship between the critical destabilization point of each hierarchical market and the starting point of the accelerated deviation of stock price from its equilibrium value. This relationship depends on the number of hierarchy levels, with a base of 1.202 for the exponential function. Prior to the critical destabilization of the final hierarchy level, the critical destabilization - collapse process in each hierarchy represents the emergence of a medium or small - intensity pre - crisis. A retrospective predictive analysis of 38 historical stock market crashes across 26 countries demonstrates that this exponential law exists and can be effectively applied to predict stock market crashes.
JENSENM C. The performance of mutual funds in the period 1945 - 1964[J]. Journal of Finance,1968,23(2):389 - 416.
[2]
ANDERSJ, DIDIERS, LEDOITO. Predicting financial crashes using discrete scale invariance[J]. Journal of Risk,1999, 1(4):5 - 32.
[3]
FAMAE F. The behavior of stock - market prices[J]. Journal of Business, 1965,38(1):34 - 105.
[4]
DIAMONDD W, DYBVIGP H. Bank runs, deposit insurance, and liquidity[J]. Journal of Political Economy,1983,91(3): 401 - 419.
[5]
BANERJEEA V. A simple model of herd behavior[J]. Quarterly Journal of Economics,1992,107(3):797 - 817.
[6]
PABLOA, GUERRON - QUINTANA, HIRANOT, et al. Bubbles, crashes, and economic growth: theory and evidence[J]. American Economic Journal: Macroeconomics2023,15(2):333 - 371.
[7]
CORSETTIG, PESENTIP, ROUBININ. What caused the Asian currency and financial crisis? [J]. Japan and the World Economy, 1999,11(3):305 - 373.
[8]
DIAMONDD W, RAJANR G. A theory of bank capital[J]. Journal of Finance, 2000,55(6):2431 - 2465.
[9]
CALVOC A. Capital flows and capital market crises: the simple economics of sudden stops[J]. Journal of Applied Economics, 1998,1(1): 35 - 54.
[10]
ALLENF, GALED. Financial contagion[J]. Journal of Political Economy2000, 108(1): 1 - 33.
[11]
HEZ, HUG, LEER. New models for understanding and reasoning about speculative execution attacks[C]//2021 IEEE International Symposium on High - Performance Computer Architecture (HPCA), Seoul, Korea (South),2021:40 - 53.
[12]
TSUJIG, FUJIIS, TSUGES, et al. The Colletotrichum lagenariu ste12-like gene CST1 is essential for appressorium penetration[J]. Mol Plant Microbe Interact2003,16(4):315 - 325.
[13]
MARTINA J, GINNSP, PAPWORTHB. Motivation and engagement: same or different? does it matter?[J]. Learning and Individual Differences, 2017,55(1):150 - 162.
[14]
ZIEMBAW T, ZHITLUKHINM, LLEOS. Prediction of the 2007—2009 stock market crashes in the US, China and Iceland[M]. 1st ed. World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd. 2017.
[15]
SORNETTED, KNOPOFFL, KAGANY, et al. Rank - ordering statistics of extreme events: application to the distribution of large earthquakes[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research,1996,101(B6):13883 - 13893.
[16]
JOHANSENA, HARDINGK, EVANSR. Trauma inat proportion of fractures are a consequence of bone fragility?[J]. Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics,1999,29(1):215 - 221.
[17]
SORNETTED, WOODARDR, YANW, et al. Clarifications to questions and criticisms on the Johansen - Ledoit - Sornette financial bubble model[J]. Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications,2013,392(19):4417 - 4428.
[18]
WOSNITZAJ H, SORNETTED. Analysis of log - periodic power law singularity patterns in time series related to credit risk[J]. European Physical Journal B, 2015, 88(97): 1 - 11.
[19]
ECONOMOUF, EPAMEINONDASK, GREGORYV. Testing for herding in the Athens Stock Exchange during the crisis period[J]. Finance Research Letters, 2016,18(1):334 - 341.
[20]
GERLACHJ C, DEMOSG, SORNETTED. Dissection of Bitcoin's multiscale bubble history from January 2012 to February 2018[J]. Royal Society Open Science,2019,6(7):180643
[21]
WHEATLEYS, SORNETTED, HUBERT, et al. Are Bitcoin bubbles predictable? Combining a generalized Metcalfe's law and the log - Periodic power law singularity model[J]. Royal Society Open Science, 2019, 6(6):180538.
[22]
KOMULAINENT, LUKKARILAJ. What drives financial crises in emerging markets?[J]. Emerging Markets Review, 2003,4(3): 248 - 272
[23]
KAMINSKYG L, REINHARTC M. The twin crises. The causes of banking and balance - of - payments problems[J]. American Economic Review,1999,89(3):473 - 500.