文人趣味视野下的蔡邕新论
New Discussion on Cai Yong from the Perspective of Literati Taste and Vision
蔡邕是东汉末年的文坛领袖人物, 当时享有很高的地位, 却因“叹董” “谀碑”及辞赋中的艳情内容等行为在后世引起诸多争议。针对上述争议, 学界多侧重于时代背景与社会风气的角度来研究, 虽可自成一说, 但似乎尚不充分。其实, 东汉末年处于士大夫向文人转变的时期, 其文学趣味亦处于士大夫趣味向文人趣味转变的时期, 从文人趣味视角来审视蔡邕相关争议, 则蔡邕的“叹董” “惭德”不过是文人的天真与重情的体现, 蔡邕辞赋中的艳情描写, 亦不过是文人在创作中逞才与求新所致。
Cai Yong was the literary leader in the late Eastern Han Dynasty and held a high status at that time. However, he has been the subject of much controversy in later generations due to his issues such as “lament for Dong” and “flattery of the stele”, as well as the erotic descriptions in his fu poetry. Regarding these issues, the academic circle has mostly studied them from the perspective of the background and atmosphere of the times, which can be considered as one explanation, but it seems insufficient. In fact, the late Eastern Han Dynasty was a period when the identity of scholar-officials was transforming into that of literati, and their literary tastes were also undergoing a transition from the tastes of scholar-officials to those of literati. From the perspective of the literati taste and vision, Cai Yong’s “lament for Dong” and “feeling ashamed of his virtue” were merely manifestations of the innocence and sentimentality of literati. As for the erotic descriptions in his fu, they were merely the literati’s display of talent and pursuit of novelty in their creations.
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山西省2022年哲学社会科学规划项目: 山西在魏晋文学与文化发展中的作用研究(2022YJ052)
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