洛阳市国家AAA级及以上旅游景区分布特征及空间可达性研究

Distribution and Spatial Accessibility of Luoyang's National Resorts AAA or Above

摘要

全域旅游背景下，我国“景点旅游”的发展模式正在发生深刻转变，系统性、区域联动的“大旅游”格局逐渐取代了传统的局部性、单一景点的旅游模式，并逐步形成了以旅游集群为特征的区域协同发展新态势。AAA级及以上景区是开展旅游活动的重要载体和基础条件，其空间分布和空间可达性直接影响游客的出行选择与区域旅游发展战略的制定。洛阳旅游资源的数量和质量一直位居河南省前列，尤其是AAAA、AAAAA旅游景区数量位居河南第一，是最受全国游客欢迎的旅游目的地之一。以洛阳市为研究对照，综合利用最邻近指数、地理集中度和核密度等方法，分析洛阳市国家AAA级及以上景区的空间分布特征及其交通可达性，并利用地理探测器工具对影响洛阳市国家AAA级以上景区可达性格局的相关因素进行研究。结果表明：1）洛阳市国家AAA级及以上景区整体呈现集聚分布，且表现为主城区聚集、周边分散格局，不均衡性显著；2）洛阳市国家AAA级及以上旅游景区总体空间可达性水平不高，景区平均可达性水平为73.35 min，洛阳市主城区景区可达性水平要优于周边县级地区，国家AAA级景区可达性水平最高，其次是国家AAAA级和AAAAA级景区；3）对洛阳市旅游景区可达性差异影响力最高的因子是DEM因子、坡度因子和路网密度因子，坡向和路网密度对旅游景区可达性交互作用的影响力最高。通过探讨洛阳市旅游景区的可达性，可为优化当地旅游基础设施、交通系统和完善旅游业体系提供参考依据。

Abstract

China's “resort tourism” modes are being changed deeply. Systematically and regionally coupled “big tourism” pattern has replaced the traditionally local, single resort mode, with forming regional co-integrated development characterized by tourism clustering. Resorts AAA or above are fundamental basis for tourism, their spatial distribution and spatial accessibility directly impact tourists' selection and regional tourism strategy. Luoyang's tourism resources rank the forefront in quantity and quality in Henan province with atop in AAAA and AAAAA resorts in quantity, which are the most popular destinations. This paper uses nearest neighbor index, geographic concentration and kernel density to study their distribution and spatial accessibility of Luoyang's national resorts AAA or above, and applies geographic detecting tools to analyze the factors impacting the spatial accessibility. Luoyang's national resorts AAA or above show a clustering distribution in general, concentrating in downtown, scattering in neighborhoods, much imbalanced. Their spatial accessibility is low, at 73.35 min on average. Luoyang's downtown resorts are better than its neighboring counties, highest in national resorts AAA, followed by national resorts AAAA and AAAAA. The most impacting factors are DEM, slope and road network density, slope direction and road network density most interactively impact their accessibility. This paper presents references for Luoyang to optimize local tourism infrastructures and transportation and to improve tourism industry.

关键词

国家AAA级及以上旅游景区 / 分布特征 / 空间可达性 / 洛阳市

Key words

national resorts AAA or above / distribution / spatial accessibility / Luoyang city

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