要素配置视角下数字经济赋能农业农村现代化发展——机理与实证

Digital Economy Empowering Agricultural and Rural Modernization from the Perspective of Factor Allocation: Mechanisms and Empirical Evidence

摘要

在数字技术快速发展背景下，数字经济已成为驱动经济社会变革的核心动力，依托数字经济助推农业农村现代化转型，是当前农业农村研究领域的重要研究课题。从要素配置优化视角，在系统梳理数字经济作用于农业农村现代化相关理论的基础上，选取我国省级面板数据，采用中介效应模型与门槛效应模型，系统阐释数字经济赋能农业农村现代化的内在机理与传导机制，以期为农业高质量发展、农业农村现代化建设提供理论借鉴与实践方案。研究表明：数字经济对农业农村现代化具备显著的正向赋能效应，该效应主要经由3条中介路径发挥作用，即推动农村产业结构升级、助力数字普惠金融发展、驱动科技水平提升。与此同时，数字经济对农业农村现代化的影响表现出突出的非线性特征，其赋能效果受有为政府与有效市场的门槛条件制约：以政府管理效率表征的有为政府存在双门槛，跨越门槛之后，数字经济表现为边际效应递减；以市场化水平表征的有效市场存在单门槛，当市场化水平尚未达到门槛阈值时，数字经济会对农业农村现代化产生抑制效果，突破该门槛之后，其正向促进作用呈现边际效应递增特征。本研究厘清了数字经济赋能农业农村现代化的实现路径与约束条件，为充分释放数字经济赋能效能、推进农业农村现代化高质量发展提供严谨的逻辑分析框架与实证支撑。

Abstract

Against the backdrop of the rapid development of digital technologies, digital economy has become a core driving force of economic and social transformation. Leveraging the digital economy to promote the modernization transformation of agriculture and rural areas is an important research topic in current agricultural and rural studies. From the perspective of factor allocation optimization, and on the basis of systematically reviewing relevant theories on how digital economy affects agricultural and rural modernization, this paper selects provincial panel data from China and employs mediating effect and threshold effect models to systematically explain the internal mechanisms and transmission mechanisms through which the digital economy empowers agricultural and rural modernization, aiming to provide theoretical references and practical solutions for high-quality agricultural development and agricultural and rural modernization. Results show that digital economy has a significant positive empowering effect on agricultural and rural modernization, and this effect mainly operates through three mediating paths: promoting the upgrading of rural industrial structure, facilitating the development of digital inclusive finance, and driving improvements in technological levels. At the same time, the impact of digital economy on agricultural and rural modernization exhibits prominent nonlinear characteristics, and its empowering effect is constrained by the threshold conditions of a proactive government and an effective market. Proactive government represented by government management efficiency, has a double threshold; after crossing the threshold, digital economy shows diminishing marginal effects. Effective market represented by the level of marketization, has a single threshold; when the level of marketization has not yet reached the threshold value, digital economy produces an inhibitory effect on agricultural and rural modernization, whereas after breaking through this threshold, its positive promotional effect exhibits increasing marginal effects. This paper clarifies the realization paths and constraint conditions of digital economy empowerment for agricultural and rural modernization, and provides a rigorous logical analytical framework and empirical support for fully releasing the efficacy of digital economy and promoting high-quality development of agricultural and rural modernization.

关键词

数字经济 / 农业农村现代化 / 要素配置 / 有为政府 / 有效市场 / 农业高质量发展

Key words

digital economy / agricultural and rural modernization / factor allocation / proactive government / effective market / high-quality agricultural development

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基金资助

陕西省教育厅科研计划项目(22JK0061/2022HZ1145)

商洛市科技局软科学项目(23SKJRK002)

商洛学院自然科学科研项目(25SKY023)