湘江银鮈个体繁殖力与卵径特征的研究
Individual fecundity and egg diameter characteristics of Squalidus argentatus in Xiangjiang River
繁殖力和卵径是鱼类繁殖策略的重要指标,银鮈主要分布于中国中部和南部地区,对生境的适应能力强,然而在湘江流域尚未开展银鮈繁殖力、卵径与生物学指标相关关系的研究。本研究于2023-05—2023-06在湘江共采集65尾性成熟雌性银鮈个体,分析其个体繁殖力与卵径。结果表明,银鮈的体长和体重范围分别为60.52~142.23 mm和5.30~62.10 g,性成熟系数范围为5.46%~51.00%,年龄范围为1~3龄。个体绝对繁殖力、体长相对繁殖力、体重相对繁殖力以及成熟卵径的平均值分别为(11 160±7 910)粒、(100.29±62.37)粒/mm、(583.87±372.06) 粒/g、(0.91±0.07) mm。个体绝对繁殖力随着年龄的增大而增大,体重相对繁殖力随着年龄的增大而减小,体长相对繁殖力随年龄变化相对稳定。个体绝对繁殖力和体长相对繁殖力均随着体长、体重、卵巢重的增大而增大,体重相对繁殖力和卵径在不同的体长范围呈现不同的增长率。与长江、嘉陵江和汉江的种群相比,湘江种群个体绝对繁殖力最高,其次为嘉陵江种群,长江下游种群个体绝对繁殖力最低;嘉陵江种群卵径最大,其次为汉江种群,湘江种群卵径最小。研究发现,银鮈个体繁殖力和卵径主要与生境类型相关,湘江的缓静水生境有利于银鮈生长和繁殖。
Fecundity and egg diameter are important indicators of fish reproductive strategies. Squalidus argentatus is mainly distributed in central and southern China and has a strong adaptive ability to the habitat. However, no published study has been carried out in Xiangjiang River basin on the correlation between fecundity and egg diameter of S. argentatus and their biological indicators. A total of 65 sexually mature females were collected from Xiangjiang River in May and June 2023 to analyze individual fecundity and egg diameter. The results showed that the body length and body weight of S. argentatus ranged from 60.52 to 142.23 mm and 5.30 to 62.10 g, respectively. Gonadosomatic index ranged from 5.46% to 51.00%,and age ranged from 1 to 3 years. The mean values of absolute individual fecundity, relative fecundity for body length, relative fecundity for body weight, and mature egg diameter were (11 160±7 910) eggs, (100.29±62.37) eggs/mm, (583.87±372.06) eggs/g, and (0.91±0.07) mm, respectively. Absolute fecundity increased with age, relative fecundity for body weight decreased with age. Relative fecundity for body length remained relatively stable across age groups. Both absolute individual fecundity and relative fecundity for body length increased with body length, body weight and ovary weight. However, relative fecundity for body weight and egg diameter showed different rates of increase in different body length ranges. Compared with the populations in the Yangtze River, Jialing River and Hanjiang River, the population in Xiangjiang River had the highest absolute individual fecundity, followed by the population in Jialing River, while the population in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River had the lowest absolute individual fecundity. The population in Jialing River had the largest egg diameter, followed by the population in Hanjiang River, while the population in Xiangjiang River had the smallest egg diameter. It has been found that the individual fecundity and egg diameter of S. argentatus are mainly related to habitat type, and the slow and still water habitat of Xiangjiang River is conducive to the growth and reproduction of S. argentatus.
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国家自然科学基金(31772832)
国家重点研发计划(2023YFD2400902)
湖南省现代农业(水产)产业技术体系项目(HARS-07)
湖南省研究生科研创新项目(CX20230720)
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