连作温郁金和蓬莪术根茎内生细菌群落差异性分析

刘海蓉 ,  王德立 ,  金自学

生物资源 ›› 2025, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (06) : 565 -577.

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生物资源 ›› 2025, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (06) : 565 -577. DOI: 10.14188/j.ajsh.20250729001
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连作温郁金和蓬莪术根茎内生细菌群落差异性分析

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Differential analysis of endophytic bacterial communities in the rhizomes of continuous cropping of Curcuma wenyujin and C. phaeocaulis

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摘要

为探究温郁金和蓬莪术抗连作障碍能力差异原因,本研究以轮作和连作温郁金和蓬莪术根茎为材料,采用高通量测序技术,研究轮作和连作下温郁金和蓬莪术根茎内生细菌的群落差异。测序共获得15 471个可操作分类单元,分属38门,91纲,260目,539科,1 149属。α多样性分析结果表明,蓬莪术根茎内生细菌物种丰富度和多样性总体上高于温郁金,连作降低了蓬莪术根茎内生菌丰富度和多样性,而连作对温郁金根茎内生菌的影响恰恰相反。温郁金和蓬莪术根茎内生细菌群落结构存在差异,且随着生长时间和连作年限的增加,变形菌门在温郁金根茎中的相对丰度升高,放线菌门相对丰度降低,而蓬莪术相反。连作降低了蓬莪术中异根瘤菌属-新根瘤菌属-副根瘤菌属-根瘤菌属的相对丰富度,升高了鞘氨醇单胞菌属和链霉菌属的相对丰度;而升高了温郁金根茎异根瘤菌属-新根瘤菌属-副根瘤菌属-根瘤菌属和劳尔氏菌属的相对丰富度,降低了肠杆菌属的相对丰富度。可见连作改变了蓬莪术和温郁金根茎内生细菌多样性和群落结构,连作后,蓬莪术根茎中相对丰富度升高的优势菌属对连作障碍可能有拮抗作用。

Abstract

To explore the reasons for the difference in the ability of Curcuma wenyujin and C. phaeocaulis to resist continuous cropping, the rhizomes of C. wenyujin and C. phaeocaulis were collected, high-throughput sequencing was employed to study the community differences of endophytic bacteria in rhizomes of C. wenyujin and C. phaeocaulis. A total of 15 471 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were obtained from all samples, belonging to 38 phyla, 91 classes, 260 orders, 539 families, and 1 149 genera. Alpha diversity analysis showed that the species richness and deversity of endophytic bacteria in the rhizomes of C. phaeocaulis were generally higher than those of C. wenyujin. Continuous cropping reduced the richness and diversity of endophytic bacteria in the rhizomes of C. phaeocaulis, while opposite in the rhizomes of C. wenyujin. The endophytic bacterial community structure differed between C. wenyujin and C. phaeocaulis, and with the increase of growth time and continuous cropping years, the relative abundance of Proteobacteria increased and Actinobacteria decreased in the rhizomes of C. wenyujin, while opposite in the rhizomes of C. phaeocaulis. Continuous cropping reduced the relative abundance of Allorhizobium-Neorhizobium-Pararhizobium-Rhizobium in C. phaeocaulis, while increasing the relative abundance of Sphingomonas and Streptomyces. However, the relative abundance of Allorhizobium-Neorhizobium-Pararhizobium-Rhizobium, and Ralstonia in C. wenyujin increased, while decreasing the relative abundance of Enterobacter. It can be seen that continuous cropping changes the endophytic bacterial diversity and community structure of C. phaeocaulis and C. wenyujin rhizomes. After continuous cropping, the dominant bacterial genera with increased relative abundance in C. phaeocaulis rhizomes may have an antagonistic effect on the obstacles of continuous cropping.

Graphical abstract

关键词

温郁金 / 蓬莪术 / 内生细菌 / 连作障碍 / 群落结构

Key words

Curcuma wenyujin Y.H.Chen et C.Ling / Curcuma phaeocaulis Val. / endophytic bacteria / continuous cropping obstacles / community structure

引用本文

引用格式 ▾
刘海蓉,王德立,金自学. 连作温郁金和蓬莪术根茎内生细菌群落差异性分析[J]. 生物资源, 2025, 47(06): 565-577 DOI:10.14188/j.ajsh.20250729001

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0 引 言

温郁金(Curcuma wenyujin Y.H. Chen et C. Ling),为姜科姜黄属多年生草本植物,是中国传统中药,根茎和块根皆可入药,是莪术、郁金和片姜黄的基源,温郁金根茎蒸或煮透干燥后为药材莪术,习称温莪术1。温郁金的传统产区为浙江温州,国内贵州、海南、湖南等地皆有引种2。但温郁金种植会受连作障碍影响造成减产3,生产上解决连作障碍的途径主要有轮作、间作、套作、土壤改良、培育新品种等。随着生物技术在农业上的不断应用,生物菌剂的施用、土壤熏蒸、生物质炭的施用及噬菌体疗法等新型方法也在防控连作障碍上发挥作用4。受连作障碍影响,温郁金会出现植株矮小、叶片焦黄、须根腐烂、根茎分蘖减少等情况,严重影响产量;蓬莪术(Curcuma phaeocaulis Val.)具有较好的抗连作、抗倒伏、高产等特性,但蓬莪术根茎挥发油含量较低。植物内生菌(Endophyte)是生活在植物的组织和器官内部的真菌或细菌,不会引起植物排异反应;植物内生菌可提高植物抗性,主要通过诱导抗性、生态位竞争和营养竞争、产生次生代谢物以及信号干扰抑制致病菌生长5。轮作和施用生物菌肥可通过提高杭白菊内生菌多样性缓解连作障碍6。关于温郁金内生菌研究较少,主要集中在温郁金内生菌药理活性方面,如温郁金内生真菌(Chaetomium globosum) L187、贝莱斯芽胞杆菌(Bacillus velezensis8具有抑菌作用,镰刀菌属、青霉属、毛壳菌属和头孢属具有抗炎、抗氧化活性9,以及草酸青霉(Penicillium oxalicum)产生大黄酚等次生代谢物10,对温郁金内生细菌的研究以及内生菌与连作障碍关联分析较少。因此,有必要探究连作对两种莪术根茎内生细菌群落结构的影响,从内生菌角度探讨温郁金和蓬莪术抗连作障碍能力差异的机制。

本研究采用高通量测序技术对连作和轮作两种处理的温郁金和蓬莪术根茎内生细菌进行分析,比较两者在连作和轮作处理下内生细菌群落结构差异,探讨温郁金和蓬莪术优势内生细菌,为揭示温郁金连作障碍发生机制和温郁金有益菌开发利用提供了理论参考。

1 材料与方法

1.1 试验材料

本研究所用材料为温郁金和蓬莪术。

1.2 试验设计

试验地位于海南省临高县皇桐镇,该地区属热带季风海洋性气候,年平均气温24.76 ℃,年平均降水量1 476.1 mm,土壤为红壤,土壤pH为4~6。试验设4个处理:轮作温郁金、轮作蓬莪术、连作温郁金和连作蓬莪术。每小区起垄栽种,垄宽80 cm,长为20 m,行距为80 cm,株距为40 cm,覆土为5 cm。实验地块分为轮作地块和连作地块,轮作地块前茬作物为田菁,连作地块前茬作物为温郁金或蓬莪术。2023年3月在轮作地块和连作地块分别种植温郁金和蓬莪术,常规大田管理,同年10月采集4种处理的根茎,每种处理3次重复,去除须根和叶片杂质,洗去根茎表面泥土,用75%乙醇表面消毒后,装入无菌密封袋中,后置于液氮中速冻后保存于-80 ℃中保存备用。所采根茎根据形态大小不同分为主根茎和侧根茎,主根茎通常呈卵圆形、长卵形、圆锥形或长纺锤形,着生于种茎上;侧根茎呈指状,着生于主根茎上,较主根茎形成晚。因连作温郁金和蓬莪术受连作障碍影响根茎生长不良,侧根茎几乎不发育,本研究未对主根茎和侧根茎区分取样。采集信息如表1所示。

1.3 样品DNA提取与测序

本研究对温郁金和蓬莪术根茎样品进行微生物多样性测序分析,对根茎样本进行DNA提取和检测,聚合酶链式反应(polymerase chain reaction,PCR)扩增与产物纯化,样品建库及上机测序。操作步骤:根据保守区设计得到引物F:CADACTCCTACGGGAGGC,R:ATCCTGTTTGMTMCCCVCRC,在引物末端加上测序接头,进行PCR扩增,程序为95 ℃预变性5 min;95 ℃变性1 min,50 ℃退火1 min,72 ℃延伸1 min,35个循环;再72 ℃延伸7 min,4 ℃保存;对其产物进行纯化、定量和均一化形成测序文库,建好的文库先进行文库质检,质检合格的文库采用双端测序方法对细菌的16 s核糖体DNA v3+v4区用Illumina Novaseq 6000进行测序。

1.4 测序数据处理

使用Trimmomatic v0.33、Cutadapt v1.9.1、USEARCH v10、UCHIME versio 8.1对原始测序序列进行低质量和长度过滤,得到高质量序列,再用USEARCH v10.0/QIIME2 v2020.6将高质量序列进行聚类/去噪,划分操作分类单元(operational taxonomic units,OTUs)/学术分类单元(academic taxonomic units,ASVs)。以UNITE为参考数据库使用朴素贝叶斯分类器对特征序列进行分类学注释,使用QIIME软件进行Alpha和Beta多样性分析;使用Python LEfse包做组间样品LEfSe分析。利用R语言绘制内生细菌稀释曲线、物种花瓣图、样本主坐标分析(principal coordinates analysis,PCoA)图、样品各分类学水平下的群落结构图、物种丰度聚类热图。

2 结果与分析

2.1 测序概况分析

通过对18个样品进行高通量测序,获得的序列经过数据优化、拼接、过滤和质控后,共产生1 193 415条有效序列(Clean Reads),每个样品至少产生35 685条,平均产生66 301条。各样品稀释性曲线如图1所示,曲线逐渐趋于平坦说明测序数量接近饱和,满足数据分析要求。

2.2 内生细菌群落多样性分析

2.2.1 Alpha多样性分析

用ACE和Chao1指数衡量物种丰富度,用Shannon指数衡量物种多样性,指数值越大,说明样品的物种丰度和多样性越高。温郁金和蓬莪术根茎内生细菌α‑多样性指数,如表2所示。连作温郁金根茎内生细菌物种丰富度高于轮作,且轮作主、侧根茎无显著性差异;连作根茎物种多样性显著低于轮作侧根茎,而显著高于轮作主根茎(P<0.05)。连作蓬莪术根茎内生细菌物种丰富度和多样性均低于轮作根茎,且轮作主、侧根茎无显著差异。连作温郁金和蓬莪术根茎内生细菌物种丰富度和多样性无显著性差异;轮作蓬莪术主、侧根茎内生细菌物种多样性和丰富度均显著高于轮作温郁金(P<0.05)。

2.2.2 Beta多样性分析

PCoA分析是通过样品间的空间距离来反映样品组间群落结构的差异性,可用来评估两个种质不同根茎内生细菌群落结构的β‑多样性。基于bray curtis算法的PCoA分析结果显示,第一主坐标(PCoA1)解释了25.54%的群落差异,第二主坐标(PCoA2)解释了20.45%的群落差异。如图2所示,温郁金和蓬莪术内生细菌群落结构差异较大,CW‑C、CWM‑R和CWL‑R三者间相似度更高,CPM‑R和CPL‑R两者间相似度更高,CP‑C与其他处理差异性均较大。

2.3 内生细菌群落结构分析

本研究将所得序列以97%相似度进行OTU聚类,18个样本内生菌共鉴定得到38门,91纲,260目,539科,1 149属,共计15 471个OTUs。从根茎中获得的内生细菌OTUs数目如图3所示,其中6组样品中根茎内生细菌共有21个OTUs。

温郁金和蓬莪术根茎样品中细菌群落门水平上组成结构和丰度结果如图4

温郁金和蓬莪术根茎共有优势细菌门为变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、拟杆菌门(Bacteroidota)、放线菌门(Actinobacteriota)、黏球菌门(Myxococcota)、厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)和芽单胞菌门(Gemmatimonadota)等。温郁金和蓬莪术第一优势菌门均为变形菌门,且相对丰富度上温郁金高于蓬莪术,而在放线菌门丰富度上蓬莪术高于温郁金。轮作条件下,温郁金和蓬莪术的侧根茎内生菌的第一和第二优势菌门相同,均为变形菌门和拟杆菌门,温郁金变形菌门相对丰富度高于蓬莪术(CW 68.30%,CP 61.54%),蓬莪术拟杆菌门相对丰富度高于温郁金(CW 9.15%,CP 13.18%);同样为轮作条件下,温郁金和蓬莪术主根茎变形菌门的相对丰富度分别为75.25%和55.50%,温郁金主根茎的第二优势菌门为拟杆菌门(13.85%),蓬莪术主根茎的第二优势细菌门为放线菌门(19.70%)。连作条件下,温郁金和蓬莪术变形菌门相对丰富度分别为78.70和50.70%,温郁金根茎的第二优势菌门为拟杆菌门(6.74%),蓬莪术根茎的第二优势细菌门为髌骨菌门(Patescibacteria,16.18%)。对于温郁金,CW‑C、CWM‑R和CWL‑R三者的第一、第二优势菌门均为放线菌门和拟杆菌门;对于蓬莪术,CP‑C、CPM‑R和CPL‑R三者在变形菌门、拟杆菌门和厚壁菌门的相对丰富度上变化趋势一样,均是CPL‑R大于CP‑C和CPM‑R,并且三者富集有丰富的放线菌门细菌(CP‑C 10.16%,CPM‑R 19.70%,CPL‑R 11.79%)。

温郁金和蓬莪术根茎样品中细菌群落属水平上组成结构和丰度结果如图5

图5可知,温郁金和蓬莪术根茎共有内生细菌的优势菌属为异根瘤菌属‑新根瘤菌属‑副根瘤菌属‑根瘤菌属(AllorhizobiumNeorhizobiumPararhizobiumRhizobium)、鞘脂菌属(Sphingobium)、鞘氨醇单胞菌属(Sphingomonas)、黄杆菌科未鉴定属(unclassified Xanthobacteraceae)。温郁金根茎第一优势菌属均为异根瘤菌属-新根瘤菌属-副根瘤菌属-根瘤菌属,连作温郁金根茎以及轮作温郁金的主、侧根茎中异根瘤菌属-新根瘤菌属-副根瘤菌属-根瘤菌属的相对丰度分别为28.27%、15.84%和9.83%;连作温郁金根茎的第二优势菌属为无色杆菌属(Achromobacter,4.51%),轮作温郁金的主根茎的第二优势菌属为鞘脂菌属(14.80%),轮作温郁金的侧根茎的第二优势菌属为肠杆菌属(Enterobacter,7.61%)。连作蓬莪术根茎的第一、第二优势菌属为LWQ8科未鉴定属(15.96%)和鞘脂菌属(7.99%),轮作蓬莪术主根茎的第一、第二优势菌属为鞘氨醇单胞菌属(4.99%)和贪铜菌属(Cupriavidus,4.13%),轮作蓬莪术侧根茎的第一、第二优势菌属为异根瘤菌属-新根瘤菌属-副根瘤菌属-根瘤菌属(12.51%)和酸杆菌属(Acidibacter,7.75%)。轮作条件下,温郁金和蓬莪术侧根茎的内生菌属群落结构较为相似,在异根瘤菌属-新根瘤菌属-副根瘤菌属-根瘤菌属、鞘氨醇单胞菌属和鞘脂菌属的相对丰富度上相似;但温郁金中肠杆菌属、土生单胞菌属(Terrimonas)和假黄单胞菌属(Pseudoxanthomonas)的相对丰度较高,蓬莪术中酸杆菌属和链霉菌属(Streptomyces)的相对丰度较高。同样为轮作条件下,温郁金和蓬莪术主根茎内生菌群落结构差异较大,温郁金主根茎中在异根瘤菌属-新根瘤菌属-副根瘤菌属-根瘤菌属、鞘脂菌属、申氏杆菌属(Shinella)、土生单胞菌属、无色杆菌属、假黄单胞菌属等的丰富度上高于蓬莪术,而蓬莪术中鞘氨醇单胞菌属、贪铜菌属、硝化螺菌属(Nitrospira)、酸杆菌属、链霉菌属等的丰富度较高。连作条件下,温郁金和蓬莪术根茎内生菌群落结构差异较大,温郁金根茎中异根瘤菌属-新根瘤菌属-副根瘤菌属-根瘤菌属、无色杆菌属、劳尔氏菌属(Ralstonia)、假黄单胞菌属、柄杆菌属(Caulobacter)和土生单胞菌属等的丰富度高于蓬莪术,而蓬莪术较温郁金在LWQ8科未鉴定属、链霉菌属、酸杆菌属等的丰富度上较高。总体而言,温郁金根茎中异根瘤菌属-新根瘤菌属-副根瘤菌属-根瘤菌属丰富度高于蓬莪术,温郁金根茎特有优势菌属为土生单胞菌属和假黄单胞菌属,蓬莪术根茎特有优势菌属为酸杆菌属和链霉菌属。

2.4 内生细菌群落结构热图分析

对温郁金和蓬莪术根茎内生细菌测序所得的OTU结果在属水平上进行分类,并利用相对丰度信息绘制热图,选取在属水平上前100的物种进行聚类分析,如图6所示。

图6可知,从聚类结果看,CPM‑R独立为一类,CP‑C和CPL‑R聚为一类,CW‑C和CWM‑R聚为一类后再与CWL‑R聚为一类。

2.5 内生细菌群落差异性分析

图7可以看出,连作温郁金根茎在丰度上有显著性差异的细菌为毛螺菌科(Lachnospiraceae)、异根瘤菌属-新根瘤菌属-副根瘤菌属-根瘤菌属未鉴定种、根瘤菌科(Rhizobiaceae)、无色杆菌属未鉴定种、劳尔氏菌属未鉴定种、假黄单胞菌属;轮作温郁金主根茎在丰度上有显著性差异的细菌为土生单胞菌属未鉴定种、玫瑰弯菌科(Roseiflexaceae)未鉴定种、苯基杆菌属(Phenylobacterium)未鉴定种、鞘脂菌属未鉴定种、鞘氨醇单胞菌科未鉴定种、贪嗜菌属未鉴定种和红环菌科未鉴定种;轮作温郁金侧根茎在丰度上有显著性差异的细菌为肠杆菌属未鉴定种和别样海源菌属(Aliidiomarina)未鉴定种;连作蓬莪术根茎在丰度上有显著性差异的细菌为链霉菌属未鉴定种、噬纤维菌目(Cytophagales)、Sandaracinaceae、LWQ8科未鉴定种和unclassified Roseateles;轮作蓬莪术主根茎在丰度上有显著性差异的细菌为盖勒氏菌目未鉴定种、固定杆菌属(Conexibacter)未鉴定种、芽单胞菌科(Gemmatimonadaceae)未鉴定属、硝化螺菌属未鉴定种、慢生根瘤菌属(Bradyrhizobium)未鉴定种、黄色杆菌科(Xanthobacteraceae)未鉴定属、鞘氨醇单胞菌属未鉴定种、贪铜菌属未鉴定种、Ellin6067属未鉴定种和SC I 84科未鉴定种;轮作蓬莪术侧根茎在丰度上有显著性差异的细菌为Puiadinghuensis、酸杆菌属未鉴定种和假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas)未鉴定种。

2.6 内生细菌群落功能预测

本研究用PICRUSt2软件对莪术根茎内生细菌进行功能预测,如图8所示,温郁金和蓬莪术根茎内生细菌群落对应的COG类目排名前10的相同,分别为氨基酸转运和代谢,能量产生与转换,翻译、核糖体结构和生物合成,翻译,细胞壁/细胞膜/膜结构的生物合成,碳水化合物的运输和代谢,无机离子转运与代谢,辅酶转运与代谢,复制、重建和修复,信号转导机制(不包括通用功能和未知功能)。

3 讨论与结论

温郁金在生产上受连作障碍影响严重,目前关于温郁金连作障碍的研究主要集中在微生物方面,如温郁金连作会使土壤有害微生物的积累增加11,而在种植过程中发现蓬莪术具有抗连作、抗倒伏等特性,与温郁金相比两者抗性相距较大,本文从内生菌角度探究两者抗性差异原因。内生细菌与植物共同生长,在促进植物生长、增强植物抗逆性等方面起着重要作用12,如内生细菌贝莱斯芽胞杆菌和短小芽胞杆菌能显著促进薏苡生长13,内生菌可通过分泌代谢物抑制植物病原菌14;内生菌还可以影响植物次生代谢物的积累,如银杏叶片内生细菌假单胞菌等与黄酮醇苷呈显著正相关15。在本研究中,蓬莪术和温郁金根茎中均有丰富的内生细菌,总体上蓬莪术根茎内生细菌群落多样性和丰富度高于温郁金,与轮作相比,连作提高了温郁金根茎内生菌丰富度,降低了蓬莪术丰富度和多样性,这与前人已有报道相似6

蓬莪术和温郁金根茎内生细菌群落结构随生长时间增加和连作而变化,门水平上,蓬莪术中的变形菌门、拟杆菌门和厚壁菌门相对丰富度降低,放线菌门相对丰富度升高,温郁金根茎中变形菌门相对丰富度升高,放线菌门相对丰富度降低。杨鑫等16的研究中也有类似结果,马铃薯感病品种发病后块茎内生细菌的变形菌门相对丰度升高,而抗病品种相反。在属水平上,蓬莪术根茎中异根瘤菌属‑新根瘤菌属‑副根瘤菌属‑根瘤菌属、酸杆菌属和柄杆菌属相对丰富度降低,鞘氨醇单胞菌属升高,温郁金根茎中异根瘤菌属‑新根瘤菌属‑副根瘤菌属‑根瘤菌属和无色杆菌属相对丰富度升高,肠杆菌属等降低。在蓬莪术和温郁金根茎中的异根瘤菌属‑新根瘤菌属‑副根瘤菌属‑根瘤菌属相对丰富度较高,但相对丰富度上变化相反。根瘤菌属在南阳艾17和苹果砧木T33718中作为优势内生菌出现。根瘤菌在豆科植物发挥固氮作用,对于非豆科植物也有类似作用,从参薯(Dioscorea alata L.)根中异根瘤菌属‑新根瘤菌属‑副根瘤菌属‑根瘤菌属分支发现的一些共生固氮细菌,可以帮助参薯从大气中获得氮1920。酸杆菌属主要在酸性环境中发现2123,如在矿山坑湖中分离出的嗜酸γ‑变形杆菌菌株MCF85为还原铁嗜酸杆菌(A.ferrireducens24,但缺少关于酸杆菌属对植株生长影响的报道。柄杆菌属中的某些细菌具有提高拟南芥、西瓜属和玉米植株生物量的潜力2528。部分鞘氨醇单胞菌属细菌可以通过产生植物生长激素、固氮及溶解磷酸盐促进植物生长29。无色杆菌属细菌既可以促进植株生长,如拮抗香蕉枯萎病30和常见豆根腐病31,但也会引起植物发病,如引起细菌性茎、叶疫病32和生姜枯萎病33。从田菁根际土壤分离到的肠杆菌N102可以改善玉米的盐胁迫34。此外,连作明显升高了蓬莪术根茎中unclassified LWQ8和链霉菌属的相对丰富度,同时也明显升高了温郁金根茎中劳尔氏菌属的相对丰富度。LWQ科属髌骨菌门细菌,髌骨菌门可在宿主放线菌上作为附生菌生长,但目前对髌骨菌门在生态系统中的作用了解甚少3536。放线菌为常见的生防菌,可制约病原真菌繁殖,其中链霉菌属细菌具有潜在刺激植物生长作用,可通过分泌次生代谢产物拮抗病原真菌3740。劳尔氏菌属中的R. solanacearum为常见病原菌,可侵染茄科作物引起青枯病41和温郁金细菌性枯萎病42

蓬莪术和温郁金根茎中差异内生细菌也值得关注。蓬莪术根茎中特有优势菌属为链霉菌属和酸杆菌属,固定杆菌属和贪铜菌属为轮作蓬莪术主根茎的差异菌属,Li等43研究认为土壤微生物氮的利用可能与固定杆菌属、酸杆菌属等的富集有关,贪嗜菌属细菌(Cupriavidus basilensis) B‑8具解硫酸盐木质素的特性44,但固定杆菌属和贪铜菌属细菌对植株生长的影响有待进一步研究。鼎湖山浦氏杆菌(Puiadinghuensis)、假单胞菌属是轮作蓬莪术侧根茎的差异细菌,鼎湖山浦氏杆菌为革兰氏阴性菌45;假单胞菌属为常见促生菌,在生物防治和促进植物生长有重要作用46。温郁金根茎中特有优势菌属为假黄单胞菌属和土单胞菌属。假黄单胞菌属细菌墨西哥假黄单胞菌只在温郁金根茎中检出,研究发现其对上海青47、构树48和绿豆49等的生长有促进作用。土生单胞菌属为拟杆菌门细菌,植物中的拟杆菌门细菌在植株磷吸收上发挥重要作用50,但土生单胞菌属细菌在植物生长方面的研究较少51-52。贪嗜菌属为轮作温郁金主根茎的差异菌属,贪嗜菌可拮抗采后黄瓜灰霉病53,可作为高效固氮解磷菌54,但也有些菌株会抑制植株生长55

温郁金和蓬莪术根茎内生细菌在群落多样性和结构上差异明显,总体上蓬莪术根茎内生菌群落多样性和丰富度高于温郁金,连作对两者内生菌群落多样性和结构影响不同,连作提高了温郁金根茎内生菌丰富度,降低了蓬莪术丰富度和多样性,连作后蓬莪术根茎中相对丰富度升高的优势菌可能与其抗连作障碍有关。

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基金资助

中国医学科学院医学与健康科技创新工程项目(2021-I2M-1-032)

海南省优秀人才团队项目(HNYT20240003)

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