大学生对微专业的修读意愿调查及影响因素研究

College students' willingness to study micro-majors and its influencing factors

摘要

目的 了解大学生对微专业的修读意愿及相关影响因素，为高校开设微专业提供建设性建议。 方法 采用调查问卷的方式调查了重庆市高校793名在读大学生对微专业的了解程度和修读意愿，运用结构方程模型分析重庆市大学生对微专业修读意愿的影响因素。 结果 61.03%的大学生不了解微专业，52.96%的大学生明确愿意报名修读微专业，36.32%的大学生可能有修读想法但是处于不确定状态。不同性别、对微专业了解程度、对本专业培养模式了解程度其行为意向得分有显著差异。行为态度、主观规范、感知行为控制均对大学生修读微专业的行为意向有显著正向影响。 结论 重庆地区大学生对微专业了解程度较低；大部分大学生对微专业表现出正面、积极的态度，有一定的修读意愿和信心；提升自己的专业知识实践能力，在毕业之后增大自己的就业机会是大学生愿意修读微专业的主要原因。高校在开设微专业时应加大宣传力度、找准微专业定位、把握好其难度、慎重考虑课程设置，同时加强校企合作，提高大学生对微专业的修读意愿，进而培养大学生的职业综合素养，向社会输送具备多学科交叉知识体系的复合型专业人才。

Abstract

Objective To survey college students' willingness of to study micro-majors and related influencing factors, and to provide constructive suggestions for colleges and universities to set up "micro-majors". Methods A questionnaire was used to investigate the understanding and willingness to study micro-majors of 793 college students in Chongqing colleges and universities and structural equation models was used to analyze its influencing factors. Results The study found 61.03% of college students did not understand micro-majors, 52.96% of college students were explicitly willing to enroll in micro-majors, and 36.32% of college students may have ideas but are uncertain. There was a significant difference in behavioral intention scores by gender, knowledge of the micro-profession, and knowledge of the training model of the program. Behavioral attitude, subjective norms, and perceptual behavior control all had significant positive effects on college students' behavioral intention to study micro-majors. Conclusion College students in Chongqing have a low level of understanding of micro-majors and show a positive attitude towards micro-majors, and have a certain willingness and confidence to study. The main reason why students are willing to study micro-majors is mainly to improve their professional knowledge and practical ability, and increase their employment opportunities after graduation. When setting up micro-majors, colleges and universities should increase publicity, identify the positioning of micro-majors, grasp their difficulty, carefully consider curriculum settings, and at the same time, strengthen school-enterprise cooperation to improve college students' willingness to study micro-majors, so as to cultivate the comprehensive professional literacy of college students and deliver compound professionals with multidisciplinary cross-knowledge systems to the society.

关键词

计划行为理论 / 微专业 / 修读意愿 / 影响因素 / 结构方程模型

Key words

theory of planned behavior / micro-majors / willingness to study / influencing factors / structural equation model

基金资助

重庆市高等教育教学改革研究项目(231016)